Respuesta :
A phosphorus atom with 4 bonds has a charge of -1, because it have one extra electron than the octet condition.
What information is shared by charge?
If any charge is present on any atom then it will tell about the number of less or extra electron present on that atom.
Atomic number of phosphorous is 15 and its electronic configuration is 1s², 2s²2p⁶,3s²3p³. From the configuration it is clear that in the outer most shell of the phosphorous atom is 5 and to complete its octet it will gain 3 electrons. But if Phosphorous atom will form 4 bonds then the total number of electrons in the valence shell is 9 which is one more than octet so that it will bear a single negative charge.
Phosphorous atom has a negative charge.
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