Respuesta :
Answer:
[tex]z=\frac{0.556 -0.54}{\sqrt{\frac{0.54(1-0.54)}{906}}}=0.966[/tex]
[tex]p_v =2*P(z>0.966)=0.334[/tex]
So the p value obtained was a very high value and using the significance level given [tex]\alpha=0.05[/tex] we have [tex]p_v>\alpha[/tex] so we can conclude that we have enough evidence to FAIL to reject the null hypothesis, and we can said that at 5% of significance the proportion of people in favor of stricter gun control laws is not significantly different from 0.54 or 54%
Step-by-step explanation:
Data given and notation
n=906 represent the random sample taken
X=504 represent the people in favor of stricter gun control laws
[tex]\hat p=\frac{504}{906}=0.556[/tex] estimated proportion of people in favor of stricter gun control laws
[tex]p_o=0.54[/tex] is the value that we want to test
[tex]\alpha=0.05[/tex] represent the significance level
Confidence=95% or 0.95
z would represent the statistic (variable of interest)
[tex]p_v[/tex] represent the p value (variable of interest)
Concepts and formulas to use
We need to conduct a hypothesis in order to test the claim that the true proportion is different from 0.54 or no:
Null hypothesis:[tex]p=0.54[/tex]
Alternative hypothesis:[tex]p \neq 0.54[/tex]
When we conduct a proportion test we need to use the z statisitc, and the is given by:
[tex]z=\frac{\hat p -p_o}{\sqrt{\frac{p_o (1-p_o)}{n}}}[/tex] (1)
The One-Sample Proportion Test is used to assess whether a population proportion [tex]\hat p[/tex] is significantly different from a hypothesized value [tex]p_o[/tex].
Calculate the statistic
Since we have all the info requires we can replace in formula (1) like this:
[tex]z=\frac{0.556 -0.54}{\sqrt{\frac{0.54(1-0.54)}{906}}}=0.966[/tex]
Statistical decision
It's important to refresh the p value method or p value approach . "This method is about determining "likely" or "unlikely" by determining the probability assuming the null hypothesis were true of observing a more extreme test statistic in the direction of the alternative hypothesis than the one observed". Or in other words is just a method to have an statistical decision to fail to reject or reject the null hypothesis.
The significance level provided [tex]\alpha=0.05[/tex]. The next step would be calculate the p value for this test.
Since is a bilateral test the p value would be:
[tex]p_v =2*P(z>0.966)=0.334[/tex]
So the p value obtained was a very high value and using the significance level given [tex]\alpha=0.05[/tex] we have [tex]p_v>\alpha[/tex] so we can conclude that we have enough evidence to FAIL to reject the null hypothesis, and we can said that at 5% of significance the proportion of people in favor of stricter gun control laws is not significantly different from 0.54 or 54%
