A substance made of weakened, killed, or partial pathogens designed to protect the body from future invasions of that pathogen is?

A substance made of weakened, killed, or partial pathogens designed to protect the body from future invasions of that pathogen is called a vaccine.

Vaccines are substances that are prepared and administered to individuals with the sole focus of eliciting immune response of such individuals to a particular disease. The substances usually consist of mixture of weakened, killed or neutralized pathogens of a particular disease.

Vaccines are of different types depending on which portion or type of pathogen that is utilized in its preparation. They could be

Inactivated vaccines: consists of dead pathogens and are meant to provoke a kind of weak immune response in individuals.
Attenuated vaccines: consists of weakened form of pathogens that is meant to cause little to no symptoms in individuals and elicit immune response similar to that of natural infections.
Conjugate vaccines: consists of sub units of specific part of pathogens that is capable of inducing immune response in individuals against the pathogen.

Other types include valence, toxoid, experimental, and heterotypic vaccines.