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Explanation:A thermosetting polymer is a polymer that consists a of cross-linked structure or heavily network of branched molecules.
Elastomers are loosely cross-linked polymers which are highly flexible and elastic which can make them stretch easily and return to thier original shapes.
a) Linear and highly crystalline polyethylene is a linear thermoplastic it will not be an elastomer or themoset.
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(b) Phenol-formaldehyde is anetwork structured thermosetting resin which is regarded as the most useful thermosetting resin especially in the production of wood based panels.
(c) Heavily crosslinked polyisoprene having a glass-transition temperature of 50 deg C is a thermoset since it is heavily cross linked above room temperature.
(d) Lightly crosslinked polyisoprene having a glass-transition temperature of -60 deg C is both an elastomer and thermoset since it has both characteristics .
(e) Linear and partially amorphous poly (vinyl chloride) is a thermoplastic and not an elastomer or a thermoset.
In polymers the crystalline order is often set up by a regular arrangement of the chains. Therefore what you would expect to be elastomers and which thermosetting polymers at room temperature are;
a. Linear and crystalline polyethylene would be neither an elastomer nor a thermoset because it is a linear polymer.
b. Phenol-formaldehyde is said too have a network structure called thermosetting polymer because it has a network structure. It would therefore not be an elastomer as it does not have a crosslinked chain structure.
c. Heavily crosslinked polyisoprene having a glass transition temperature of 50°C can be a said to be a thermosetting polymer due to the fact that it is heavily crosslinked. It cannot not be an elastomer because it is heavily crosslinked and room temperature is below its Tg.
d. Linear and partially amorphous poly(vinyl chloride) is said to be neither an elastomer nor a thermoset. If it want to be any of thee both, it must have some crosslinking.
Polymers is said to be crystallized from a solution or upon evaporation of a solvent but it based on the degree of dilution.
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