Answer and Explanation:
a. Here we will follow some steps to reach break-even point in dollars for 2017 is shown below:-
Step 1
Selling price per unit = Sales ÷ Number of units
= $2,752,500 ÷ $550,500
= $5
Step 2
Variable cost per unit = Total of variable ÷ Number of units
= $1,750,000 ÷ $550,500
= $3
Step 3
Contribution margin ratio = (Selling price per unit - Variable cost per unit) ÷ Selling price per unit
= ($5 - 3) ÷ $5
= 0.4
and finally
Break even point in dollars = Fixed cost ÷ Contribution margin ratio
= $850,000 ÷ 0.4
= $2,125,000
b. As per the situation the solution of contribution margin under each of the alternative courses of action is below:-
According to the 1 alternative
Selling price per unit = $5 × 1.20
= $6
Contribution margin ratio = (Selling price per unit - Variable cost per unit) ÷ Selling price per unit
= ($6 - 3) ÷ $6
= 0.5
or
= 50%
According to the 2 alternative
Variable cost per unit = $3 + $5 × 5%
= $3.25
Contribution margin ratio = (Selling price per unit - Variable cost per unit) ÷ Selling price per unit
= ($5 - $3.25) ÷ $5
= 0.35
or
= 35%