An ant needs to travel along a 20cm × 20cm cube to get from point A to point B. What is the shortest path he can take, and how long will it be (in cm)?

Each edge of the cube is 20cm. If it stayed on the edges it would need to walk on 3 edges for a total distance of 3 x 20 = 60 cm.
If it walked diagonally across the front face and then one edge it would travel:
Diagonal = sqrt(20^2 + 20^2) = 28.28
Total distance waling a diagonal and then an edge = 28.28 + 20 = 48.28 cm
The shortest distance would be diagonally across the front face then the edge to point B and the distance would be 48.28 cm.