The evolution of a species is dependent on changes in the genome of the species. Identify two mechanisms of genetic change, and explain how each affects genetic variation.

There are several process which is responsible for causing change in the genome of the species which results in the evolution of that species. Some of these processes are:

1. Mutation: In mutation, some nucleotide sequences get change and this change can occur due to frameshift, addition, deletion or any other process. This change in nucleotide can be seen in phenotype and helps in the evolution of the species.

2. Fertilization: During fertilization mixing of the genome of two individual takes place which results in producing a genetically distinct offspring which contains variation. So as the offspring is genetically different it can contain new alleles that can help the individual to survive in the changing environment.

OlanmaE OlanmaE · Answer 2 · 2021-10-12T15:39:26+02:00

Two mechanisms or vehicles through which genetic change occurs are;

Mutation and Gene flow

Mutation occurs when there is a mistake in the DNA sequence of an organism. When an egg and a sperm bearing the faulty DNA sequence mate, a mutated organism is formed.

A standing genetic variation is formed through mutation because of the differences in the organisms of a population.

Phenotypes that indicate the physical appearance of organisms change during mutation.

Gene flow is another channel for genetic change. It occurs when two populations with different allele frequencies unite in the same environment and then assume similar allele frequencies.

When mating occurs, the allele frequencies of these populations can assume similarity.

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