Isma'il clash with the Ottoman ruler Selim the Grim because Selim executed all Shi'a Muslims living in his empire. Thus, option B is correct.
Ottoman Empire was one of the most powerful and enduring dynasties in human history, which lasted for 600 years, this Islamic superpower reigned over sizable portions of the Middle East, Eastern Europe, and North Africa.
The Ottoman Empire became the leading Muslim state as a result of Selim's conquest of the Middle Eastern heartlands of the Muslim world, especially after he assumed the responsibility of protector of the pilgrimage routes to Mecca and Medina.
Therefore, it is concluded that Selim the Grim, the Ottoman tyrant, executed every Shi'a Muslim who lived in his dominion, which caused Isma'il and Selim to clash. Hence, option B is correct.
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