The shift in population growth has occurred by point A is The birth and death rates are equivalent.
Population alteration is controlled by the balance between birth rates and death rates.
Suppose the birth rate stays constant and the death rate decline, then population numbers will increase.
whereas If the birth rate grow at a faster rate and the death rate stays the constant, then population will also increase.
Thus, option "A' is correct, The birth and death rates are equivalent.
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