Answer:
1. Cell differentiation is the process whereby simple generalized cell develop into cell with specialization in function and structures. Some environmental factors that affect gene regulation include diet and nutrition, temperature, oxygen levels, humidity, light cycles, and the presence of mutagens.
2. Gametes or sex cells are produced in meiosis and they have haploid number of chromosomes. In humans, the haploid number of chromosomes is 23 chromosomes.
Explanation:
Cell differentiation is the process whereby simple generalized cell develop into cell with specialization in function and structures. During the initiation of cell differentiation, transcription factors activate only the genes to be expressed. Some environmental factors that affect gene regulation include diet and nutrition, temperature, oxygen levels, humidity, and the presence of mutagens(factors that cause mutation).
Differentiation occurs in zygotes numerous times resulting in the formation of a fully developed organism. Also in unspecialized cells known as stem cells, differentiation occurs leading to the formation of various cells of the organs and tissues of the body.
2. Meiosis is a type of cell division in which gametes or sex cells are produced. A single cell divides twice producing daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes present in the parent cell. In humans, the chromosome number is 46. After, meiosis, the haploid number of chromosomes produced is 23.
