Answer:
1. Translation
2. D, A, C, B
Explanation:
1. The image shows a single stranded nucleic acid attached to a ribosome and a protein being produced. It is taking place in the cytoplasm. This process is called translation.
In translation, an mRNA transcribed from the DNA in the nucleus is translated into a protein. This occurs thanks to protein synthesis factories called ribosomes.
2. One strand of the double stranded DNA is used as a template to synthesise an RNA molecule. This is shown from picture D (where the strands of the DNA are separated and the nucleotides are ready to be assembled into an mRNA) and picture A, where the single stranded mRNA has been made.
Then the mRNA is translated into a protein through the joining of amino acids. The correct sequence of amino acids, as determined by the mRNA, are brought by specialised RNAs called tRNAs. The tRNAs are clover shaped molecules bound to a complementary amino acid. They bring the correct amino acids to the ribosome and mRNA to join them together in a protein. Thus us shown in C, and B.
