The final products of fotosynthesis are carbohydrates, ATP, NADPH, and oxygen is released. During the firt stage of photosynthesis, radiant energy is converted into chemical energy, and this is a light-dependent stage.
Stages of Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis involves two stages: light-dependent and light-independent reactions.
- During light-dependent reactions, oxygen is released, while ATP and NADPH are produced. Both of them are used during light-independent reactions.
- Light-independent reaction is known as the Calvin cycle, and it takes place in the stroma. Sugars or carbohydrates are synthesized
Light-Dependent reaction
- Chlorophyll molecule in Photosystem II captures luminous energy from the sun.
- The pigments absorb light, exciting the electrons, which get in a higher energy level.
- Excited electrons leave photosystem II and move to photosystem I along the electron transport chain.
- When the excited electrons leave photosystem II, they are replaced by new electrons extracted from the water molecules.
- Photosystem I absorbs more luminous energy that drives the electrons to another electron acceptor, from where they get transported again and used to produce NADPH molecules.
- When electrons are sent from Photosystem I, they are replaced by new electrons coming from photosystem II through the transport chain.
- As electrons go through the transport chain, their released energy is used to produce ATP molecules.
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