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Zygote, fertilized egg cell that results from the union of a female gamete (egg, or ovum) with a male gamete (sperm). In the embryonic development of humans and other animals, the zygote stage is brief and is followed by cleavage, when the single cell becomes subdivided into smaller cells.

Fertilization

In biology, the union of two cells is called fertilization. It refers to the fusion of male and female gamates

  • fertilization, union of a sperm nucleus, of paternal origin, with an egg nucleus, of maternal origin, to form the primary nucleus of an embryo.

  • In all organisms the essence of fertilization is, in fact, the fusion of the hereditary material of two different se-x cells, or gametes, each of which carries half the number of chromosomes typical of the species.

The most primitive form of fertilization, found in microorganisms and protozoans, consists of an exchange of genetic material between two cells.

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