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Describe how the cases of Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) and Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas (1954) illustrate how a Supreme Court’s interpretation of the Constitution can change over time.

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On May 17, 1954 the United States Supreme Court handed down its ruling in the landmark case of Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas. The Court’s unanimous decision overturned provisions of the 1896 Plessy v. Ferguson decision, which had allowed for “separate but equal” public facilities, including public schools in the United States. Declaring that “separate educational facilities are inherently unequal,” the Brown v. Board decision helped break the back of state-sponsored segregation, and provided a spark to the American civil rights movement.

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The cases of Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) and Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas (1954) both dealt with the concept of “separate but equal.” In 1896, the Supreme Court ruled that racial segregation was constitutional as long as everyone had rights to equal facilities. At the time, equal facilities were considered cool water fountains for whites, and warm hose water for African Americans. In 1954, in the case of Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas, the Supreme Court, composed of all new justices, overturned the constitutionality of separate but equal and deemed it unconstitutional. These cases go to show that the interpretation of the Constitution can change with social views of the time and often depends on who is in the Supreme Court at the time.  

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