What is happening to the particles in a substance during evaporation?
O The particles are losing energy and slowing down.
O The particles are giving off light.
O The particles are gaining energy and speeding up.
O The particles are getting closer together.
During evaporation, liquid particles on the surface momentarily gain enough energy due to random thermal motion to overcome the intermolecular attractions and escape into the gas phase. These evaporating particles, by virtue of gaining energy, also increase in velocity.
Thus, the correct answer here would be the third choice.
Evaporation happens when a liquid substance becomes a gas. When water is heated, it evaporates. The molecules move and vibrate so quickly that they escape into the atmosphere as molecules of water vapor.
