Respuesta :
Answer:
1. Two materials that can be scratched by an iron nail are zinc and aluminum
2. A substance that can be scratched by an iron nail but not a penny is;
Nickel
Explanation:
The hardness of a material can be defined as its ability to resist being plastically deformed at a location due to mechanical scratching, abrasion or indentation
The Mohs hardness scale provides a ranking of materials in the order of hardness with a material having a higher Mohs hardness number being able to scratch other materials which have a lower Mohs hardness number
1. From the Mohs scale of hardness, iron which has an harness number of 4.5 can scratch zinc which has an harness number of 2.5, and iron can also scratch aluminum which has an hardness number of 2.5 to 3
2. A penny is made from copper plated material and will have an outer layer hardness of copper which has an hardness number of 3 on the Mohs scale
Therefore, a penny cannot scratch a material mode of nickel which has an hardness number of 4, while iron which has an hardness of 4.5 will scratch a nickel material
(1) Zinc and aluminum can be scratched by an iron nail.
(2) Nickel can be scratched by an iron nail but not a penny.
Hardness and deformation:
The hardness of a material is defined as its ability to resist deformation due to mechanical scratching, abrasion, or indentation.
According to the Mohs hardness scale, a material having a higher Mohs hardness number is able to scratch other materials which have a lower Mohs hardness number.
From the Mohs scale of hardness, iron has a hardness number of 4.5, zinc has a hardness number of 2.5, and aluminum which has a hardness number between 2.5 to 3. So, iron can scratch both, Zinc and Aluminium.
A penny is made from copper-plated material copper has a hardness number of 3 on the Mohs scale. Whereas Nickel has a hardness number of 4. Therefore, a penny cannot scratch a material made of Nickel.
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