The Correct option is 3) Regional conflicts have contributed to the proliferation of nuclear weapons.
North and South Korea
Due to Historical reasons, these two countries set on two different ideologies, one shifted to democratic, the other shifted to communist. The given passage tries to explore how coming of Kim Jung 2 and Kim Jung Un made threat to peace in these regions due to testing and launching nuclear missiles.
The reason this passage gives on the topic of proliferation of nuclear weapons is the regional conflicts between these Countries.
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