Let’s say that Peter has x pencils, and Tony has y pencils. The equation we want to have is x=3y (Peters pencils are 3 times as Tony).
In total there are 30+14=44 pencils.
Meaning that x+y=44
Let’s take that last equation and replace x with 3y since x=3y from the start. Then, we’d have 3y+y=44 => 4y=44 so y=11. That means that tony has 11 pencils.
Since Peter has 3 times Tony’s pencils, Peter has 33 pencils.
The question though, is how many pencils must Tony give to Peter. Since Peter had 30 pencils in the beginning, and 33 from the equations, Tony must give Peter 3 pencils.
