Which of the following answer choices best explains what process lead to each cells' unique structures
and functions?
Choose 1 answer:
A series of specific mutations allowed the brain and kidney cells to become specialized for the
structures and functions they possess.
B
Apoptosis allowed the brain and kidney cells to become specialized for the structures and
functions they possess.
Differentiation allowed the brain and kidney cells to become specialized for the struct and
functions they possess.
During fertilization, a sperm cell fused with an egg cell, resulting in a zygote.

Cellular differentiation is the process whereby an unspecialized cell (stem cell) gives rise to a cell that is more specific in function.

Stem cells are said to be totipotent meaning that they are capable of dividing into special (differentiated) cells.

Cell differentiation is brought about by gene expression mechanism in cells i.e. some genes are expressed in some cells and not expressed in others.

Since all cells contain the same type of gene, they are bound to function the same without difference in the type of gene expressed in them.

Cell differentiation allows different cells in a multicellular organism to contain different structures and ultimately perform different functions.

Therefore, differentiation allowed the brain and kidney cells to become specialized for the structure and functions they possess.

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