Hello. Unfortunately, you did not submit the text to which this question refers, which makes it impossible for it to be answered. However, I will try to help you as best I can.
As stated in the paragraph above, it is only possible to answer these questions if the text associated with them is read. This reading should be done by you, as the text is not available. During this reading, you will be able to answer the first question when you identify an element that the text presents as being valuable to American society, so valuable that it is what that society most values and seeks to preserve.
You will be able to answer the second question, when you identify the element that the author considers most precious and that should be more considered and used by American society, but which has been frequently left out.
To answer the third and fourth questions, you will need to understand what "universe of obligation" means. This expression means that there is a group of people who have very specific obligations within society, these obligations are carried out within rules and these people must solve any problems that their obligations may promote. Based on this, to answer the third question, you will need to identify in the text, how the author thinks this "universe of obligation" should be established in society. On the other hand, to answer the fourth question, it will be how the author perceives the "universe of obligation" within society.
