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Explanation:
E = event space = {5,6}
The event space represents the set of all things we want to happen: namely rolling a 5 or a 6, since they are larger than 4.
S = sample space = {1,2,3,4,5,6}
The sample space is the set of all possible outcomes, whether we want them to happen or not. We have 6 possible outcomes.
Divide the number of items in each set
n(E) = 2
n(S) = 6
probability = n(E)/n(S) = 2/6 = 1/3
There's a 1 in 3 chance of rolling a number greater than 4.
