Respuesta :
Solution :
The type of melting that is responsible for the mafic magmas for the following plate tectonic settings :
a). Mid - ocean ridges
At the mid oceanic ridges, the two plates diverges away and the new oceanic crust is formed by the effusion of the magma. The earth's interior is exposed as the two plates are moved away.
b). Continental rift :
A new oceanic crust is formed by the effusion of the magma and the two plates diverges away. Thus it causes the formation of the melt in the continental drift. As a result, the crustal thickness decreases.
c). Oceanic and continental volcanic arc :
The oceanic arc and the volcanic arc are the locations of the convergence. The denser plate of the arcs subducts under the less denser plates or the lighter plates and it moves downwards into the mantle, which causes the increase in temperature of the surroundings.
The magma is formed due to the mixing of molten and semi-molten rock that is below Earth's surface.
Mid-ocean ridges: It is caused due to decompression melting that melts the rocks with increased pressure levels. Thus, mafic magma tends to arise at mid-ocean ridges because ultramafic rock peridotite starts to melt.
Continental rift: Decompression melting again is responsible as there is a decrease in pressure but no decrease in temperature. Thus, the magma here is mafic because there is a rise in the asthenosphere undergoing decompression.
The oceanic and continental volcanic arc: Here, heat transfer leads to the melting of rock mixture that creates volcanos. Thus, the mafic magma arises due to hydrous minerals.
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