HCl is an acid, and [tex]Cl^-[/tex] is its conjugate base.
The reaction that we are to consider is; HCl + H2O → [tex]Cl^-[/tex]+ [tex]H3O^+[/tex].
According to the Brownstead - Lowry definition of an acid, an acid is a substance that donates a proton while a base is a substance that accepts a proton.
The conjugate base of a substance is obtained by the loss of a proton from the substance.
Now, if you look at HCl and [tex]Cl^-[/tex], you will notice that [tex]Cl^-[/tex] is obtained from HCl by loss of a proton.
Therefore, HCl is an acid, and [tex]Cl^-[/tex] is its conjugate base.
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