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Here, we are required to determine which element has atoms with Valence electrons in a higher energy level than those of calcium.

The Valence electrons of the Caesium, Cs atoms has higher energy level than those of Calcium.

First, we need to determine the electronic configuration of each of the elements

  • Therefore the Calcium electron configuration will be:
  • 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²

  • Therefore, for Cs Electron Configuration:

  • 1s² 2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶3d¹⁰ 4s²4p⁶4d¹⁰ 5s²5p⁶ 6s¹
  • Therefore, For lithium, The electron configuration of lithium is :
  • 1s²2s¹

  • For oxygen, Therefore the O electron configuration will be:
  • 1s²2s²2p⁴

  • For bromine, the electronic configuration is 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d¹⁰4p⁵

Among the elements in the option, the Valence electrons of the Caesium, Cs atoms has higher energy level than those of Calcium.

This is so because the only Valence electron of Cs is located in the 6s orbital and as such has the highest energy level amongst all of the elements.

Read more:

https://brainly.com/question/17678749

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