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Answer: The van’t Hoff factor applies to colligative properties and appears in the formulas for osmotic pressure, vapor pressure, freezing point depression, and boiling point elevation. The factor is named for Dutch chemist Jacobus Henricus van’t Hoff, a founder of the field of physical chemistry and the first winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
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The van 't Hoff factor is the ratio between the actual concentration of particles produced when the substance is dissolved and the concentration of a substance as calculated from its mass.
The van 't Hoff factor i is a measure of the effect of a solute on colligative properties such as osmotic pressure, relative lowering in vapor pressure, boiling-point elevation and freezing-point depression.
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