A transgenic organism is an organism whose genome (DNA) has been altered by recombinant genetic engineering techniques. These techniques can be used to transfer exogenous genes within transgenic species.
- In yeast that has been genetically modified to be able to produce spider silk, the spider silk CODING SEQUENCE is joined with the yeast REGULATORY SEQUENCE.
- In this case, transgenic yeast has the spider silk coding gene sequence (i.e., the exons) that encodes for the spider silk protein, whereas a regulatory gene sequence (e.g., a promoter gene sequence) from yeast have been preserved in order to regulate the expression of the target exogenous gene.
- The most important genetic engineering techniques used to create transgenic animals include DNA microinjection and retrovirus-mediated gene transfer.
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