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__________________________ a. A laboratory in a major university surveys all the reactions involving bromine. __________________________ b. A pharmaceutical company explores a disease in order to produce a better medicine. __________________________ c. A scientist investigates the cause of the ozone hole to find a way to stop the loss of the ozone layer. __________________________ d. A pharmaceutical company discovers a more efficient method of producing a drug. __________________________ e. A chemical company develops a new biodegradable plastic. __________________________ f. A laboratory explores the use of ozone to inactivate bacteria in a drinkingwater system.

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Basic research generates basic knowledge. Applied research solves practical problems. Technological development provides tools and artifacts for research. A: basic research. B, C, F: applied knowdelge. B, D, E: technological development.

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Let us first review some framework.

  • Basic research is directed to understand fundamental problems or issues. It is about generating basic knowledge. It constitutes the theoretical basis of knowledge on which applied science or technology is based.

  • Applied research makes use of the knowledge generated by basic science to solve practical problems. It generates knowledge that has practical use.

  • Technological development is one of the main tools of science. Its main function is to create useful tools and artifacts to facilitate the scientist's work.

Now let us classify each item.

a. A laboratory in a major university surveys all the reactions involving bromine. BASIC RESEARCH

b. A pharmaceutical company explores a disease in order to produce a better medicine. APPLIED RESEARCH and TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT

c. A scientist investigates the cause of the ozone hole to find a way to stop the loss of the ozone layer. APPLIED RESEARCH

d. A pharmaceutical company discovers a more efficient method of producing a drug. TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT

e. A chemical company develops a new biodegradable plastic. TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT

f. A laboratory explores the use of ozone to inactivate bacteria in a drinkingwater system. APPLIED RESEARCH

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