from the illustration of the potassium atom fill in the periodic table selection

Answer:
2 electrons
8 electrons
8 electrons
1 electron (just count in the rings for these ones)
19 protons (it says "P=19" in the middle. The P stands for Protons)
K (it's from Latin medieval Latin "kalium")
39 (add proton and neutron amounts to get the approximate atomic mass--electrons are negligible)
Explanation: