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Léopold Senghor, in full Léopold Sédar Senghor, (born Oct. 9, 1906, Joal, Senegal, French West Africa [now in Senegal]—died Dec. 20, 2001, Verson, France), poet, teacher, and statesman, first president of Senegal, and a major proponent of the concept of Negritude.