The RNA molecule that is involved in translating a short sequence of RNA into an amino acid is tRNA (Option b). This molecule (tRNA) is fundamental to link the genetic information from DNA to protein.
During gene transcription, a fragment of DNA called gene is used as a template to create a complementary messenger RNA (mRNA).
Subsequently, this mRNA is n then used as template to create a polypeptide (i.e., a protein) by a process called translation.
During translation, triplets of nucleotides or 'codons' in the mRNA sequence interact with anticodons of the transfer RNAs (tRNAs), which then specify the linear order of amino acids that will be added to the growing polypeptide.
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