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 It is primarily composed of mafic rocks, or sima, which is rich in iron and magnesium. It is thinner than continental crust, or sial, generally less than 10 kilometers thick; however it is denser, having a mean density of about 2.9 grams per cubic centimeteras opposed to continental crust which has a density of about 2.7 grams per cubic centimeter.
It is composed of several layers, not including the overlying sediment. The topmost layer includes lavas made of basalt.