Answer:
Low dietary zinc decreases erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase activities and impairs cardiorespiratory function in men during exercise
Abstract
Background: The role of zinc in promoting physiologic function during exercise is not well understood. Although some zinc-containing enzymes are postulated to regulate energy expenditure, data are limited on the effect of restricted dietary zinc on metabolic responses during exercise.
Objective: This study determined the effects of low zinc intake on carbonic anhydrase activity in red blood cells (RBCs) and cardiorespiratory function during exercise.
Design: In this double-blind, randomized crossover study, 14 men aged 20-31 y were fed low-zinc and supplemented (3.8 and 18.7 mg/d) diets made up of Western foods for 9-wk periods with a 6-wk washout. Peak work capacity, determined by using a cycle ergometer and a graded, progressive protocol, and a prolonged submaximal test (70% peak intensity for 45 min) were administered during the second and ninth weeks of each diet period.
Results: Dietary zinc did not affect hemoglobin or hematocrit. Low dietary zinc resulted in lower (P < 0.05) serum and erythrocyte zinc concentrations, zinc retention, and total carbonic anhydrase and isoform activities in RBCs. Peak oxygen uptake, carbon dioxide output, and respiratory exchange ratio were lower (P < 0.05), and ventilatory equivalents for metabolic responses during exercise were greater (P < 0.05), with low than with supplemental zinc intake. Similar functional responses were observed during prolonged, submaximal exercise.
Conclusion: These findings indicate that low dietary zinc is associated with significant reductions in zinc status, including RBC carbonic anhydrase activities, and impaired metabolic responses during exercise.
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