The abiotic factor that leads to the curved line is the layers of the atmosphere are a consequence of temperature gradients, as depicted by the curved line in the figure.
Abiotic factor simply means a non-living part of an ecosystem that shapes its environment. Examples include temperature, light, water salinity, and ocean currents.
From the complete question, the abiotic factors, when graphed on the x-axis, that leads to the curved line in the graph due to variation in the different layers of the atmosphere is the layers of the atmosphere are a consequence of temperature gradients.
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