The situation that will produce the greatest change of momentum for a 1.0-kilogram cart is; applying a net force of 5.0 N for 2.0 s
Momentum is defined as the product of mass and the velocity.
Now, according to newtons' second law of motion, the resultant force is directly proportional to the rate of change in momentum.
Thus;
F = (mv - mu)/t
where;
u is initial velocity
Change in momentum is mv - mu, which can also be written as equal to impulse; mv - mu = Ft
Therefore in this case, looking at the given options, the change in momentum will be greatest when a net force of 5 N is applied for 2 seconds because;
change in momentum = 5 × 2 = 10 N.s
The missing options are;
1. accelerating it from rest to 3.0 m/s
2. accelerating it from 2.0 m/s to 4.0 m/s
3. applying a net force of 5.0 N for 2.0 s
4. applying a net force of 10.0 N for 0.5 s
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