Reconstruction refers to the time immediately following the Civil War, from 1865 to 1877, when many US administrations attempted to rebuild society in the former Confederate states, particularly by establishing and defending the legal rights of the newly liberated black people.
After slavery was abolished during the Civil War, black codes were enacted to limit African Americans' freedom and assure their availability as a cheap workforce.
The Black Codes, sometimes known as Black Rules, were laws that governed the behavior of African Americans (free and freed blacks).
"In most of the United States, there is a division in relation to political advantages, between free white persons and free colored persons of African blood," James Kent wrote in 1832.
Therefore Option C is correct about the passage given above.
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