Taking into account the Brønsted-Lowry acid-base theory, the reaction between hypoiodous acid and water is:
HOI + H₂O ⇄ OI⁻ + H₃O⁺
The Brønsted-Lowry acid-base theory (or the Brønsted-Lowry theory) identifies acids and bases based on whether the species accepts or donates protons or H⁺.
According to this theory, acids are proton donors while bases are proton acceptors. That is, an acid is a species that donates an H⁺ proton while a base is a chemical species that accepts an H⁺ proton from the acid.
So, reactions between acids and bases are H⁺ proton transfer reactions, causing the acid to form its conjugate base and the base to form its conjugated acid by exchanging a proton.
In this case, the reaction between hypoiodous acid and water is:
HOI + H₂O ⇄ OI⁻ + H₃O⁺
where HOI acts as an acid because it donates a potron, while water acts as a base because it accepts the proton donated by HOI.
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