The sentence which should appear first in an effective summary of the book is; Irrespective of how undeserving an individual is; forgiveness can be shown to such individual.
The theme of the writing can be attributed to the fact that; Mercy is characterized by giving one who you are obligated to punish forgiveness, even if they do not deserve forgiveness. This for a fact follows from the fact that the author uses the main character, Sherlock Holmes, to portray how people can show forgiveness to others even if they do not deserve it.
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