Political parties, the president's cabinet, and national nominating conventions are considered examples of option D: the unwritten constitution.
A constitution not embodied in a single document but based chiefly on custom and precedent as expressed in statutes and judicial decisions.
The action of an unwritten constitution include ratification of a treaty by the senate, formation of the first two political parties and creation of a system of federal courts including the supreme court.
Therefore, correct option is D.
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