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"Marie Curie, née Maria Salomea Skłodowska, was born on November 7th, 1867, Warsaw, Congress Kingdom of Poland, Russian Empire." ( 1st paragraph Britannica). From the very begging she was remarkable, known for her astronomical memory. At the age of only 16, she won a gold metal for the completion of her secondary education at the Russian lycée. Shortly after, Her fatcher, who taught mathematics and physics, lost his savings through his poor investing choices, Curie had to begin working as a teacher, while at the same time, taking part in the "nationalist free university", "reading in polish to women workers ( paragraph 2, 3rd sentence, Britannica). Once she was 18, she began working as a governess, which later turned sour from an unfortunate love affair.
"From her earnings she was able to finance her sister Bronisława’s medical studies in Paris, with the understanding that Bronisława’s would in tunr help her get an education." (paragraph 3, 1st sentence, Britannica) "In 1891 Skłodowska went to Paris and, now using the name Marie, began to follow the lectures of Paul Appell, Gabriel Lippmann, and Edmond Bouty at the Sorbonne. There she met physicists who were already well known—Jean Perrin, Charles Maurain, and Aimé Cotton. Skłodowska worked far into the night in her student-quarters garret and virtually lived on bread and butter and tea. She came first in the licence of physical sciences in 1893." ( Paragraph3 2nd, 3rd, 4th, sentences, Britannica)
Shortly after receiving her education of physical sciences, she began working in Lippmann's research labratory. "1894 was placed second in the licence of mathematical sciences." (Paragraph 4, first sentence, Britannica) After being placed second in the licene of mathematical sciences, she met Pierre curie, marrying him just one year after meeting him, July 25, 1895. This partnership would soon lead to great accomplishments and change the world of science. "in particular the discovery of polonium (so called by Marie in honour of her native land) in the summer of 1898 and that of radium a few months later. Following Henri Becquerel’s discovery (1896) of a new phenomenon (which she later called “radioactivity”), Marie Curie, looking for a subject for a thesis, decided to find out if the property discovered in uranium was to be found in other matter. She discovered that this was true for thorium at the same time as G.C. Schmidt did." (Paragraph 6, 4-8 sentences, Britannica)
She soon turned her attention to minerals, and found her interest drawn to pitchblende, "a mineral whose activity, superior to that of pure uranium, could be explained only by the presence in the ore of small quantities of an unknown substance of very high activity.' (Paragraph 8, 1st sentence, Britannica). Her husband then joined her in the work she had begun to help resolve this problem, which led them to finding the new elements entitled, polonium and radium. "While Pierre Curie devoted himself chiefly to the physical study of the new radiations, Marie Curie struggled to obtain pure radium in the metallic state—achieved with the help of the chemist André-Louis Debierne, one of Pierre Curie’s pupils." ( Paragraph 9, Britannica)
On the results of this research, Marie Curie received her doctorate of science in June 1903 and, with Pierre, was awarded the Davy Medal of the Royal Society. Also in 1903 they shared with Becquerel the Nobel Prize for Physics for the discovery of radioactivity. The birth of her two daughters, Irène and Ève, in 1897 and 1904, did not interrupt Marie’s intensive scientific work." paragraph 10, sentence 7, Britannica) Marie was then appointed lecturer in physics at the École Normale Supérieure for girls in Sèvres (1900) and brought a new method of teaching based on experimental demonstrations.
"In December 1904 she was appointed chief assistant in the laboratory directed by Pierre Curie. The sudden death of Pierre Curie (April 19, 1906) was a bitter blow to Marie Curie, but it was also a decisive turning point in her career: henceforth she was to devote all her energy to completing alone the scientific work that they had undertaken. On May 13, 1906, she was appointed to the professorship that had been left vacant on her husband’s death; she was the first woman to teach in the Sorbonne. In 1908 she became titular professor, and in 1910 her fundamental treatise on radioactivity was published. In 1911 she was awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry, for the isolation of pure radium. In 1914 she saw the completion of the building of the laboratories of the Radium Institute (Institut du Radium) at the University of Paris." ( Paragraph 11-13, Britannica)
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