Conversion of 1 mol of acetyl-CoA to 2 mol of Co2 and CoA via the citric acid cycle results in the net production of 12 mol of ATP.
What is acetyl-coA?
Acetyl-CoA is produced in the mitochondrial matrix by oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate from glycolysis, oxidation of long-chain fatty acids, or oxidative degradation of specific amino acids. The acetyl-CoA is then oxidized for energy production in the TCA cycle.
Mitochondrial enzymes are used in the citric acid cycle. The acetyl group of acetyl-CoA is fused with oxaloacetate in the first phase, which is mediated by citrate synthase. Citrate is formed as a result of the release of CoA-SH and heat. Dehydration and rehydration convert citrate to isocitrate.
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