1) DNA Template strand: TACAATCGACCCATC. 2) Anticodon: AAU. 3) mRNA carries genetic information to build the protein. 4) 5 amino acids. 5) Amino acids: Met, Leu, Ala, Gly, Tyr.
1)
When the DNI molecule separates into two strands to form the transcription bubble, we can identify two separate segments:
The template strand is the one that is going to be complemented by the mRNA.
mRNA ⇒ AUGUUAGCUGGGUAG
DNA ⇒ TACAATCGACCCATC
Remember that pairs are as follows
DNA RNA
T → A
A → U
G → C
C → G
2)
The anticodon is the sequence of three nucleotides that couples with the mRNA codon.
Each tRNA has two important sites. One of them is the anticodon that couples with the codon of the mRNA molecule. The other one carries the amino acid that is going to be addeded to the protein.
1st 2nd 3th 4th 5th
mRNA codons ⇒ AUG UUA GCU GGG UAG
tRNA anticodon ⇒ AAU
3)
Translation is the stage of protein synthesis during which mRNA carries genetic information needed to synthesize the new protein in the cytoplasm.
Steps,
1- The formed mRNA moves to the cytoplasm through the nucleus membrane pores.
2- Once in the cytoplasm, mRNA meets a ribosome, the primary structure for protein synthesis.
3- Ribosomes are organelles composed of the association of proteins with rRNA and tRNA. They can be found in the rough endoplasmic reticulum or floating in the cytosol.
4- While the ribosome reads mRNA strain from its 5' extreme to 3', tRNA adds the correct amino acids to build the polypeptide.
The function of mRNA during translation is to take genetic information needed to build the protein.
4)
Each codon codes for only one amino acid.
There are cases in which different codons code for the same amino acid, but a single codon always codes for one amino acid.
mRNA codons ⇒ AUG UUA GCU GGG UAG
Amino acids ⇒ Met Leu Ala Gly Tyr
1 2 3 4 5
This mRNA segment represents 5 amino acids.
5)
Amino acids ⇒ Met Leu Ala Gly Tyr
You can learn more about translation at
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