Because the United States started as an English colony, our legal system is a mix of common law and civil law,
Civil law derives primarily from Roman law. In civil law jurisdictions, codified principles serve as the primary source of law. Common law, by contrast, is based on medieval English law. In common law jurisdictions, judicial decisions serve as the primary source of law.
The main difference between the two systems is that in common law countries, case law (the form of open court opinion) is paramount, whereas in civil law systems, codified law takes precedence.
The legal system of the United States is common law (except in Louisiana, which has a mixture of civil and common law). A common law system is based on patterns of behavior (or conventions) that are accepted as legal requirements or codes of conduct in a particular country.
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