Hotter is Star X. Ionized helium lines are highest at high temperatures (> 30,000 K), whereas titanium oxide lines are brightest at low temperatures (3000 K), according to the study Absorption Lines in Stars of Different Temperatures. Star X must therefore be hotter than Star Y. A higher amount of electron excitation.
The creation of excimers are two other methods of making helium reactive. Helium that has been ionized (He+), also referred to as He II, is a very high energy substance capable of removing one electron from any other element. One electron only exists in a single, ionized helium atom.
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