ALL four have motivations to foster this type of sentiment.
A) Political Bosses: They want their votes to further political ambitions.
B) Factory Owners: They want their votes for candidates that are particularly pro-business.
C) Labor Union Members: They want their votes for candidates that are particularly pro-labor.
D) Religious Leaders: They usually encourage people to vote for candidates that support their religious beliefs, whether they be freedom of religious expression from state interference, humanitarian issues or social beliefs (i.e.: aid to the poor, social justice, abortion, homosexuality, etc.).