The precise way a researcher measures and defines a variable is known as the operational definition.
The researcher measures the dependent variable and the independent variable is manipulated and controlled by the researcher ( Experimenter ). The concept of operational definition is applied in various fields such as Philosophy, Science, Business, computing etc.
To explain this clearly, let's consider an example in which the researcher tries to define sleep deprivation. In this sleep deprivation is the independent variable and factors causing sleep deprivation such as food, lifestyle, etc are dependent variables.
Therefore, the precise way a researcher measures and defines a variable is known as the operational definition.
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