According to the Cambridge dictionary, a hanging chad means: a small piece that is still partly attached to a piece of paper or card after someone has tried to make a hole in it.
Many Florida voters cast their ballots using Votomatic-style punched card ballots in the 2000 presidential election, resulting in partially punched chads with some corners still attached (known as "hanging chads") or all corners still attached but with an indentation (known as "fat chads" or "pregnant chads"). The voting machines did not count these votes. Punch card ballots were quickly abandoned in the US as a result of the dispute.
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