Atoms, in which the number of electrons does not equal the number of protons, are referred to what we call ions.
This refers to an atom or molecule which has a net electric charge as a result of the gain or loss of electrons which is the part of the subatomic particle actively involved in a chemical reaction.
Due to the electrons involvement in a reaction, it doesn't equal the number of protons and results in the formation of ions in which the positive ions are the ones which donate electrons and negative ions accept electrons.
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