According to the standard deviation rule, 99.7% of people have an IQ between 55 and 145.
The standard deviation rule which is the empirical rule in statistics tells us that for distributions that have the normal shape, approximately 99.7% of the observations will fall within 3 standard deviations of the mean.
Now, In this question the mean is 100, and the standard deviation is 15. Thus, we can say that approximately 99.7% of the observations (IQ scores) fall between 100 − (3 * 15) and 100 + (3 * 15) or between 55 and 145.
Now, approximately 100% − 99.7% = 0.3% of the observations fall outside this interval. Since the normal shape is symmetric, approximately 0.15% of the observations fall above 145.
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