The Supreme Court is the part of the federal government that is ultimately responsible for deciding whether an action is constitutional. It draws this authority from the power of judicial review.
The United States Supreme Court is the highest court in the country and the only branch of the federal judiciary that the Constitution expressly mandates. The number of Supreme Court Justices is not predetermined by the Constitution; rather, it is determined by Congress.
The Supreme Court serves as the last arbitrator of law, upholding the promise of equal justice under the law for all Americans. In doing so, it also serves as the Constitution's protector and interpreter.
According to the judicial review doctrine, the courts have the power to assess the legality of actions taken by the executive and legislative arms of the government. Both State and Federal courts are required to make rulings in accordance with the Federal Constitution's tenets.
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