Enslaved persons in the Confederate States that were still engaged in open rebellion were granted freedom by the Emancipation Proclamation.
The U.S. Army's military triumphs, however, as well as a persistent presence to implement them, were necessary for that order to become a reality. As the Union Army invaded areas of Louisiana and Arkansas, the number of slaves in the state sharply grew. Slaveholders there frequently transported their captives to Texas in order to prevent their emancipation. Texas was home to an estimated 250,000 slaves by 1865. White families from the south of the United States brought the majority of the slaves to Texas. Some slaves were acquired through the New Orleans-based domestic slave trade.
Fewer slaves were transported in the international slave trade., though this had been illegal since 1806.
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